View attachment 47332
Is Carding Really Harder Now?
Yes it fucking is. If you opened this post expecting sunshine and rainbows youre in for a rude awakening.
3DS,
AI antifraud systems, stringent verificationsâthe security world is rolling out a goddamn arsenal to pound us into oblivion. And they keep pounding and pounding and pounding and pounding with no end in sight.
Carding persists despite these challenges. It hasnt died; it mutated. Those failing to evolve find themselves obsolete. The days of easy scores with garbage cards and cookie-cutter setups? Gone. Fucking gone. We now navigate an unforgiving industry where only the
sharpest most
innovative and
resourceful carders thrive.
This new landscape is a fucking arms race between carders and security systems. We find a loophole they patch it. They roll out new defenses we crack them. Its an endless game of digital cat and mouse but the stakes have never been higher. That method that was printing money six months ago? Probably worthless now. The antidetect setup you dropped a fortune on? Likely flagged by every major retailer and their dog. Staying ahead isnt just about having the shiniest tools or the freshest cards anymore. Its about understanding the entire ecosystem of online fraud detection and outsmarting it at every turn.
To thrive in this new world you need more than technical skills. You need to be part hacker part psychologist and part futurist. The best carders arent just keeping upâtheyre anticipating the next move predicting where the security holes will be before they even open up. Its a game of 4D chess and if youre still playing checkers youre already fucked.
Remember when carding felt more like a walk in the park than a fucking military operation? Those were the days. You could snag a bunch of cards from some shady website like
Unicc, slap em into a basic checker and boomâyoure in business. No fancy antidetect browsers no rotating residential proxies just raw audacity and a bit of luck.
Back then
3DS was as rare as a unicorn shit. Most sites were happy if you got the
CVV right. You could card on your regular ass browser without worrying about device fingerprinting or behavioral analysis. Hell some of us were hitting major retailers from
Internet Explorer and still coming out on top.
Drops? You could use the same address for months before it got burned. None of this one-and-done bullshit we deal with now. Youd build a relationship with your drop guy knowing your packages would keep flowing as long as you kept him paid. Heck you can even ship to your own address without a care.
The golden age of refunding too. Youd order something expensive claim it never arrived and boomâinstant refund. No questions asked no need for elaborate social engineering schemes. Companies were so desperate for good reviews theyd eat the loss without batting an eye.
View attachment 47352
Even when you did get caught the consequences were often laughable. Most sites would just ban your account and call it a day. No cross-platform blacklists, no AI remembering your patterns for eternity. You could create a new account on a different IP and be right back at it within minutes.
But lets not get too nostalgic: sure it was easier but the payoffs were smaller too. We didnt have access to the high-value shit we can hit now. No carding
Gucci bags or scoring the latest
iPhone on release day. It was mostly gift cards cheap electronics and if you were lucky maybe a mid-range laptop.
Those simpler times shaped many of us into the carders we are today. They taught us the fundamentals gave us room to experiment and fail without catastrophic consequences. But make no mistakeâthat era is dead and buried. Longing for those days wont bring them back. Instead we must take those old-school lessons and apply them to improve ourselves.
Knowledge
While various factors contribute to the increasing difficulty of carding the root cause boils down to one thing:
lack of fucking knowledge. Carders are getting dumber while security systems get smarter. Lets break this shit down:
3DS/AI Antifraud Systems
3D Secure and
AI antifraud systems stand as the twin enemies of modern carders. Yet most dipshits in the game dont even understand what theyre up against. Instead of learning how these systems actually work they swallow whatever bullshit gets spread around in
Telegram groups.
You see morons claiming:
- Only way to hit a "3D store" is with NONVBV cards
- Some genius cracked a universal 3DS bypass (for just $200!)
- Nothing matters except finding that magical NONVBV BIN
- Only way to beat AI is with "clean" residential proxies
- Some whiz kid cracked a universal antifraud bypass (for just $500!)
- Nothing matters except finding that "undetectable" antidetect browser
This ignorance spreads like a fucking plague.
3DS and
AI antifraud might be tough nuts to crack but believing this crap makes it damn near impossible. Each piece of misinformation passed around is like rust on our collective toolkit.
The willful ignorance and
lack of knowledge creates a vicious feedback loop. As fewer carders truly understand these systems the successful ones guard their knowledge fiercely. The clueless masses keep repeating the same mistakes making it easier for fraud detection systems to spot them. Meanwhile the knowledgeable few exploit the gaps staying ahead of the curve.
Second-hand Card Resellers
Resellers are probably one of the biggest reasons carding has become such a goddamn headache. These dipshits are selling the same blacklisted cards across multiple stores pretending theyre fresh when in reality theyve been burned to a crisp.
Some asshole buys a batch of cards uses the good ones then resells the rest to multiple stores. They slap a "first-hand" label on that recycled garbage and push it out to unsuspecting buyers. Not only does this cost some poor schmuck his money but it feeds valuable data to antifraud systems with every failed transaction.
View attachment 47354
Why do they pull this shit? Because they
lack the basic fucking knowledge to operate properly. Theyre so focused on short-term gains they cant see theyre poisoning the well for everyone. Sure they might make a quick buck now but in the long run its a net negative for the entire industry.
ĐŅĐž ŅĐ°ĐēĐļĐĩ ĐēĐ°ŅĐ°ĐĩŅŅŅ ĐŧĐ°ĐŗаСиĐŊОв, ĐēĐžŅĐžŅŅĐĩ ĐžŅ
ĐžŅĐŊĐž ŅĐŋĐžŅОйŅŅвŅŅŅ и ĐŋОСвОĐģŅŅŅ ŅŅиĐŧ ĐŋŅОдавŅĐ°Đŧ ŅаСĐŧĐŊĐžĐļĐ°ŅŅŅŅ, ĐŋŅĐžŅŅĐž ŅŅОйŅ ĐžĐŊи ĐŧĐžĐŗĐģи ĐŋĐžĐŋĐžĐģĐŊиŅŅ ŅвОи СаĐŋĐ°ŅŅ. ĐŖ ĐŊиŅ
ĐŊĐĩŅ ĐŊавŅĐēОв и СĐŊĐ°ĐŊиК, ŅŅОйŅ ŅĐŋŅавĐģŅŅŅ СаĐēĐžĐŊĐŊŅĐŧ ŅŅĐŊĐēĐžĐŧ, ĐŋĐžŅŅĐžĐŧŅ ĐžĐŊи ŅĐĩĐŋĐģŅŅŅŅŅ Са ŅŅи ŅĐĩĐŊĐĩвŅĐĩ ŅĐ°ĐēŅиĐēи.
ĐŅĐž ĐŋĐžŅĐžŅĐŊŅĐš ĐēŅŅĐŗ ĐŊĐĩвĐĩĐļĐĩŅŅва и ĐļĐ°Đ´ĐŊĐžŅŅи. Đ ĐĩŅĐĩĐģĐģĐĩŅŅ ĐŊĐĩ ĐŋĐžĐŊиĐŧĐ°ŅŅ иĐģи ĐŊĐĩ СайОŅŅŅŅŅ Đž Đ´ĐžĐģĐŗĐžŅŅĐžŅĐŊĐžĐŧ ŅŅĐĩŅĐąĐĩ, ĐēĐžŅĐžŅŅĐš ĐžĐŊи ĐŊĐ°ĐŊĐžŅŅŅ. ĐĐ°ĐŗаСиĐŊŅ ĐēĐ°ŅŅ ŅĐģиŅĐēĐžĐŧ ĐŊĐĩĐēĐžĐŧĐŋĐĩŅĐĩĐŊŅĐŊŅ иĐģи ĐģĐĩĐŊивŅ, ŅŅОйŅ вĐŊĐĩĐ´ŅиŅŅ ĐŊĐ°Đ´ĐģĐĩĐļĐ°ŅиК ĐēĐžĐŊŅŅĐžĐģŅ ĐēĐ°ŅĐĩŅŅва. Рв ŅĐĩŅĐĩдиĐŊĐĩ ĐžĐēаСŅваŅŅŅŅ вŅĐĩ ĐžŅŅĐ°ĐģŅĐŊŅĐĩ, ĐēŅĐž ĐŋŅĐžŅŅĐž ĐŋŅŅĐ°ĐĩŅŅŅ ĐŋĐžĐģŅŅиŅŅ Ņ
ĐžŅĐžŅŅŅ ĐēĐ°ŅŅŅ, ŅŅОйŅ СаŅайОŅĐ°ŅŅ ĐŊĐĩĐŧĐŊĐžĐŗĐž Đ´ĐĩĐŊĐĩĐŗ.
РиĐŋĐŋĐĩŅŅ â ĐžŅĐąŅĐžŅŅ СĐĩĐŧĐģи, ŅĐ°ĐŧŅĐĩ ĐŊиСŅиĐĩ иС ĐŗŅĐĩйаĐŊŅŅ
ĐŊиСОв в ĐŊĐ°ŅĐĩĐŧ ŅООйŅĐĩŅŅвĐĩ. ĐŅи ĐŋĐ°ŅаСиŅŅ СаĐŋĐžĐģĐžĐŊиĐģи ĐŗŅŅĐŋĐŋŅ и ŅĐžŅŅĐŧŅ
Telegram , ŅĐŋĐ°ĐŧŅŅ ŅвОи Đ´ĐĩŅŅĐŧОвŅĐĩ ÂĢŅĐĩŅвиŅŅÂģ ĐŋОддĐĩĐģŅĐŊŅĐŧи ŅĐēŅиĐŊŅĐžŅĐ°Đŧи Ņ
иŅОв и ĐŋŅийŅĐģĐĩĐš, вŅĐĩĐŗĐ´Đ° ĐŗОвОŅŅ ĐŧĐ°ŅĐēĐ°Đŧ ÂĢвĐēĐģŅŅĐ°ŅŅŅŅÂģ. ĐĐŊи СаŅаиĐģиŅŅ, ĐžĐļидаŅ, ĐēĐžĐŗĐ´Đ° ĐēĐ°ĐēОК-ĐŊийŅĐ´Ņ ĐąĐĩĐ´ĐŊŅĐŗĐ° ĐēĐģŅĐŊĐĩŅ ĐŊĐ° ĐŋŅиĐŧĐ°ĐŊĐēŅ, Đ° СаŅĐĩĐŧ ŅĐēŅŅваŅŅŅŅ, ĐēĐ°Đē ŅĐžĐģŅĐēĐž ĐēŅиĐŋŅĐž-ĐŋĐĩŅĐĩвОд ĐąŅĐ´ĐĩŅ ĐžŅиŅĐĩĐŊ.
ĐĐĩĐ´ĐžŅŅĐ°ŅĐžĐē
СĐŊĐ°ĐŊиК СдĐĩŅŅ â ŅŅĐž ŅĐģиŅĐ° Ņ двŅŅŅĐžŅĐžĐŊĐŊиĐŧ двиĐļĐĩĐŊиĐĩĐŧ ĐŗĐģŅĐŋĐžŅŅи. ĐĄ ОдĐŊОК ŅŅĐžŅĐžĐŊŅ, Ņ ваŅ ĐĩŅŅŅ ĐŋŅидŅŅĐžĐē, ĐēĐžŅĐžŅŅĐš ĐŋĐžĐŋĐ°Đ´Đ°ĐĩŅŅŅ ĐŊĐ° ŅŅи ĐžŅĐĩвидĐŊŅĐĩ Đ°ŅĐĩŅŅ. ĐŖ ĐŊиŅ
ĐŊĐĩŅ ŅĐģĐĩĐŧĐĩĐŊŅĐ°ŅĐŊĐžĐŗĐž ŅŅвŅŅва, ŅŅОйŅ СаĐŧĐĩŅиŅŅ ĐŗŅайиŅĐĩĐģŅ Са ĐŧиĐģŅ, ĐžĐŊи ŅĐģиŅĐēĐžĐŧ ĐŗĐžŅŅŅ ĐļĐĩĐģĐ°ĐŊиĐĩĐŧ вĐĩŅиŅŅ в ОйĐĩŅĐ°ĐŊиŅ ĐąŅŅŅŅĐžĐŗĐž ОйОĐŗĐ°ŅĐĩĐŊиŅ. ĐĄ Đ´ŅŅĐŗОК ŅŅĐžŅĐžĐŊŅ, ŅĐ°Đŧ ĐŗŅайиŅĐĩĐģŅ ŅĐģиŅĐēĐžĐŧ ŅĐĩŅŅОвŅĐēи ĐŊĐĩĐēĐžĐŧĐŋĐĩŅĐĩĐŊŅĐĩĐŊ, ŅŅОйŅ СаŅайаŅŅваŅŅ Đ´ĐĩĐŊŅĐŗи СаĐēĐžĐŊĐŊŅĐŧ ĐŋŅŅĐĩĐŧ в ŅŅОК иĐŗŅĐĩ.
View attachment 47357
ĐĐ°ŅдиĐŊĐŗ â ŅŅĐž ĐžĐŗŅĐžĐŧĐŊĐ°Ņ иĐŊĐ´ŅŅŅŅиŅ. ĐĸĐĩ, Ņ ĐēĐžĐŗĐž ĐĩŅŅŅ ŅĐĩĐ°ĐģŅĐŊŅĐĩ ĐŊавŅĐēи и СĐŊĐ°ĐŊиŅ, ĐŧĐžĐŗŅŅ СаŅайОŅĐ°ŅŅ ŅĐĩŅŅĐĩСĐŊŅĐĩ Đ´ĐĩĐŊŅĐŗи. ĐĐž ŅŅи ĐŗŅайиŅĐĩĐģи? ĐŖ ĐŊиŅ
ĐŊĐĩŅ ĐŊи ĐŧОСĐŗОв, ĐŊи ŅиŅ, ŅŅОйŅ ĐžŅŅ
ваŅиŅŅ СаĐēĐžĐŊĐŊŅĐš ĐēŅŅĐžĐē ĐŋиŅĐžĐŗĐ°. ĐĐŧĐĩŅŅĐž ŅŅĐžĐŗĐž ĐžĐŊи ĐŊĐ°ĐļиваŅŅŅŅ ĐŊĐ° ĐŊĐĩвĐĩĐļĐĩŅŅвĐĩĐŊĐŊŅŅ
и ĐžŅŅĐ°ŅвŅиŅ
ŅŅ, ĐĩŅĐĩ йОĐģŅŅĐĩ ĐžŅŅавĐģŅŅ ĐŊĐ°ŅĐĩ ŅООйŅĐĩŅŅвО.
ĐŅĐž ŅвидĐĩŅĐĩĐģŅŅŅвО ŅĐžĐŗĐž, ĐēĐ°Đē Đ´Đ°ĐģĐĩĐēĐž ĐŧĐžĐļĐĩŅ СавĐĩŅŅи ĐŊĐ°Ņ
ĐŊĐĩĐ´ĐžŅŅĐ°ŅĐžĐē СĐŊĐ°ĐŊиК . РиĐŋĐŋĐĩŅŅ ŅŅŅĐĩŅŅвŅŅŅ, ĐŋĐžŅĐžĐŧŅ ŅŅĐž ĐĩŅŅŅ ĐŋĐžŅŅĐžŅĐŊĐŊŅĐš СаĐŋĐ°Ņ ĐŊĐĩиĐŊŅĐžŅĐŧиŅОваĐŊĐŊŅŅ
ŅŅĐŋиŅ, ĐŗĐžŅОвŅŅ
Đē ŅĐžĐŧŅ, ŅŅОйŅ иŅ
ĐēиĐŊŅĐģи. Đ ĐēĐ°ĐļĐ´ŅĐš ŅŅĐŋĐĩŅĐŊŅĐš ŅиĐŋ ŅĐēŅĐĩĐŋĐģŅĐĩŅ идĐĩŅ Đž ŅĐžĐŧ, ŅŅĐž ĐŧĐžŅĐĩĐŊĐŊиŅĐĩŅŅвО ĐŋŅĐžŅĐĩ, ŅĐĩĐŧ ОйŅŅĐĩĐŊиĐĩ ŅĐĩĐ°ĐģŅĐŊŅĐŧ ĐŊавŅĐēĐ°Đŧ ĐēĐ°ŅдиĐŊĐŗĐ°.
ĐŅĐž Đ´ĐĩŅŅĐŧĐž ĐŊĐĩ ŅĐžĐģŅĐēĐž вŅĐĩдиŅ ĐžŅĐ´ĐĩĐģŅĐŊŅĐŧ ĐļĐĩŅŅваĐŧ. ĐĐŊĐž ĐŋОдŅŅваĐĩŅ дОвĐĩŅиĐĩ вĐŊŅŅŅи ŅООйŅĐĩŅŅва, Đ´ĐĩĐģĐ°ĐĩŅ ĐŊОвиŅĐēОв ĐŧĐĩĐŊĐĩĐĩ ĐžŅ
ĐžŅĐŊŅĐŧи Đē ОйŅŅĐĩĐŊиŅ и ŅŅ
ŅĐ´ŅĐ°ĐĩŅ ŅĐĩĐŋŅŅĐ°ŅиŅ ĐēĐ°ŅдиĐŊĐŗĐ° в ŅĐĩĐģĐžĐŧ. ĐŅĐĩ ĐŋĐžŅĐžĐŧŅ, ŅŅĐž ĐŊĐĩĐēĐžŅĐžŅŅĐĩ ĐģĐĩĐŊивŅĐĩ ŅĐąĐģŅĐ´Đēи ĐŋŅĐĩĐ´ĐŋĐžŅиŅĐ°ŅŅ ĐąŅŅŅŅĐž СаŅайОŅĐ°ŅŅ ĐŊĐĩŅĐĩŅŅĐŊŅĐŧ ĐŋŅŅĐĩĐŧ, ŅĐĩĐŧ вĐēĐģĐ°Đ´ŅваŅŅŅŅ в ŅайОŅŅ, ŅŅОйŅ ĐŋĐžĐģŅŅиŅŅ ŅĐĩĐ°ĐģŅĐŊŅĐĩ СĐŊĐ°ĐŊиŅ и ĐŊавŅĐēи.
*** ĐĄĐēŅŅŅŅĐš ŅĐĩĐēŅŅ: ĐŊĐĩ ĐŧĐžĐļĐĩŅ ĐąŅŅŅ ĐŋŅĐžŅиŅиŅОваĐŊ. ***
ĐŅŅŅ вĐŋĐĩŅĐĩĐ´
ĐĄŅŅОваŅ ĐŋŅавда? ĐŅ ŅĐ°Đŧи ŅĐĩĐąĐĩ вŅŅŅŅĐĩĐģиĐģи в ĐŊĐžĐŗŅ, ĐŧĐ°ŅŅ иŅ
. ĐĐ°ŅĐĩ ĐēĐžĐģĐģĐĩĐēŅивĐŊĐžĐĩ
ĐžŅŅŅŅŅŅвиĐĩ СĐŊĐ°ĐŊиК ĐŋŅĐĩвŅĐ°ŅиĐģĐž ĐēĐ°ŅŅĐžŅĐŊŅŅ иĐŗŅŅ в ĐŧиĐŊĐŊĐžĐĩ ĐŋĐžĐģĐĩ, ĐŗĐ´Đĩ йОĐģŅŅиĐŊŅŅвО иС ĐŊĐ°Ņ ĐąŅОдиŅ Ņ СавŅСаĐŊĐŊŅĐŧи ĐŗĐģаСаĐŧи.
ĐĐž вОŅ в ŅĐĩĐŧ Đ´ĐĩĐģĐž: ŅĐ°Đē ĐąŅŅŅ ĐŊĐĩ Đ´ĐžĐģĐļĐŊĐž. ĐŅŅŅ вĐŋĐĩŅĐĩĐ´ ŅŅĐĩĐŊ ĐēĐ°Đē Đ´ĐĩĐŊŅ, ĐĩŅĐģи Ņ ваŅ ĐĩŅŅŅ ŅĐšŅĐ°, ŅŅОйŅ ĐĩĐŗĐž ŅвидĐĩŅŅ. ĐŅиŅĐģĐž вŅĐĩĐŧŅ ĐžŅĐēаСаŅŅŅŅ ĐžŅ ĐēĐžŅĐžŅĐēиŅ
ĐŋŅŅĐĩĐš, ĐąŅŅŅŅŅŅ
ŅĐĩŅĐĩĐŊиК и Đ´ĐĩŅŅĐŧОвŅŅ
ÂĢĐŗĐ°ŅĐ°ĐŊŅиŅОваĐŊĐŊŅŅ
ĐŧĐĩŅОдОвÂģ. ĐдиĐŊŅŅвĐĩĐŊĐŊĐ°Ņ ĐŗĐ°ŅĐ°ĐŊŅиŅ в ŅŅОК иĐŗŅĐĩ â ĐŊĐĩвĐĩĐļĐĩŅŅвО ĐŋŅивĐĩĐ´ĐĩŅ ваŅ Đē ŅĐžĐļĐļĐĩĐŊиŅ.
ĐĨĐžŅиŅĐĩ ĐŋŅĐĩŅŅĐŋĐĩŅŅ в ŅŅОК ĐŊОвОК ŅŅĐĩ ĐēĐ°ŅдиĐŊĐŗĐ°? РаСвиваКŅĐĩ ĐŊĐĩĐŊĐ°ŅŅŅĐŊŅŅ ĐļĐ°ĐļĐ´Ņ
СĐŊĐ°ĐŊиК . ĐŅĐŊĐžŅиŅĐĩŅŅ Đē ĐēĐ°ĐļдОК ĐŊĐĩŅĐ´Đ°ŅĐŊОК ĐēĐ°ŅŅĐĩ, ĐēĐ°ĐļдОК ĐžŅĐēĐģĐžĐŊĐĩĐŊĐŊОК ŅŅĐ°ĐŊСаĐēŅии ĐēĐ°Đē Đē ŅŅĐžĐēŅ. ĐĐŊĐ°ĐģиСиŅŅĐšŅĐĩ, ŅаСйиŅĐ°ĐšŅĐĩ и ĐŋОКĐŧиŅĐĩ, ĐŋĐžŅĐĩĐŧŅ ваŅ ĐŋОКĐŧĐ°Đģи. ĐĐĩ ĐŗĐžĐŊиŅĐĩŅŅ ĐŋŅĐžŅŅĐž Са ŅĐģĐĩĐ´ŅŅŅиĐŧ ĐŗĐžŅŅŅиĐŧ BIN иĐģи Đ°ĐŊŅидĐĩŅĐĩĐēŅ-ĐŊĐ°ŅŅŅОКĐēОК. ĐĐžĐŊиŅĐĩŅŅ Са ĐŋĐžĐŊиĐŧĐ°ĐŊиĐĩĐŧ.
ĐĐ°ŅĐ´ĐĩŅŅ, ĐēĐžŅĐžŅŅĐĩ ĐąŅĐ´ŅŅ Đ´ĐžĐŧиĐŊиŅОваŅŅ в ĐąĐģиĐļĐ°ĐšŅиĐĩ ĐŗОдŅ, ĐŊĐĩ ŅĐĩ, Ņ ĐēĐžĐŗĐž ŅĐ°ĐŧŅĐĩ ĐąĐģĐĩŅŅŅŅиĐĩ иĐŊŅŅŅŅĐŧĐĩĐŊŅŅ. ĐŅĐž ŅĐĩ, ĐēŅĐž вĐģĐžĐļиĐģ ĐŧĐŊĐžĐŗĐž ŅиĐģ, ŅŅОйŅ ĐŋĐž-ĐŊĐ°ŅŅĐžŅŅĐĩĐŧŅ ĐŋĐžĐŊŅŅŅ, ĐēĐ°Đē ŅайОŅĐ°ŅŅ ŅŅи ŅиŅŅĐĩĐŧŅ. ĐŅĐž ŅĐĩ, ĐēŅĐž иСŅŅĐ°ĐĩŅ Đ°ĐģĐŗĐžŅиŅĐŧŅ ĐĐ, ŅĐģОвĐŊĐž ĐžŅ ŅŅĐžĐŗĐž СавиŅиŅ иŅ
ĐļиСĐŊŅ, ĐŋĐžŅĐžĐŧŅ ŅŅĐž в ŅŅОК иĐŗŅĐĩ ŅŅĐž, ŅĐĩŅŅ вОСŅĐŧи, ŅĐ°Đē и ĐĩŅŅŅ.
ĐĐžĐŧĐŊиŅĐĩ, ŅŅĐž ĐēĐ°ĐļĐ´ĐžĐĩ ОйĐŊОвĐģĐĩĐŊиĐĩ ĐąĐĩСОĐŋĐ°ŅĐŊĐžŅŅи, ĐēĐ°ĐļĐ´Đ°Ņ ĐŊОваŅ ĐŧĐĩŅĐ° ĐŋĐž йОŅŅĐąĐĩ Ņ ĐŧĐžŅĐĩĐŊĐŊиŅĐĩŅŅвОĐŧ â ŅŅĐž вОСĐŧĐžĐļĐŊĐžŅŅŅ, ĐĩŅĐģи вŅ СĐŊĐ°ĐĩŅĐĩ, ĐēĐ°Đē ĐŊĐ° ĐŊĐĩĐĩ ŅĐŧĐžŅŅĐĩŅŅ. ĐĐžĐēĐ° ĐŧĐ°ŅŅŅ ĐŋĐģĐ°ŅŅŅ Đž ŅĐžĐŧ, ŅŅĐž ĐēĐ°ŅдиĐŊĐŗ ÂĢĐŧĐĩŅŅвÂģ, ĐŊĐ°ŅŅĐžŅŅиĐĩ иĐŗŅĐžĐēи ĐŋŅиŅĐŋĐžŅĐ°ĐąĐģиваŅŅŅŅ, ŅаСвиваŅŅŅŅ и ĐŋОйĐĩĐļĐ´Đ°ŅŅ.
ĐŅĐ°Đē, вОŅ ваĐŧ СвОĐŊĐžĐē Đ´ĐģŅ ĐŋŅОйŅĐļĐ´ĐĩĐŊиŅ:
СаКĐŧиŅĐĩŅŅ ОйŅŅĐĩĐŊиĐĩĐŧ . ĐĐĩ ĐŋŅĐžŅŅĐž ĐŋОвĐĩŅŅ
ĐŊĐžŅŅĐŊОК ĐĩŅŅĐŊдОК, Đ° ĐŗĐģŅйОĐēиĐŧи вŅĐĩŅŅĐžŅĐžĐŊĐŊиĐŧи СĐŊĐ°ĐŊиŅĐŧи. ĐОКĐŧиŅĐĩ ĐŋŅиŅ
ĐžĐģĐžĐŗиŅ ŅĐžŅиаĐģŅĐŊОК иĐŊĐļĐĩĐŊĐĩŅии. ĐŖСĐŊĐ°ĐšŅĐĩ, ĐēĐ°Đē ОйŅŅĐ°ŅŅŅŅ ĐŧОдĐĩĐģи ĐĐ. ĐСŅŅиŅĐĩ ŅĐžĐŊĐēĐžŅŅи ĐŋĐģĐ°ŅĐĩĐļĐŊŅŅ
ŅĐģŅСОв. ĐĄŅĐ°ĐŊŅŅĐĩ ŅĐēŅĐŋĐĩŅŅĐžĐŧ, Ņ ĐēĐžŅĐžŅĐžĐŗĐž вŅ Ņ
ĐžŅĐĩĐģи ĐąŅ ĐēŅĐŋиŅŅ ĐŧĐĩŅОд.
ĐŅĐ´ŅŅĐĩĐĩ ĐēĐ°ŅдиĐŊĐŗĐ° ĐŋŅиĐŊĐ°Đ´ĐģĐĩĐļиŅ ОйŅаСОваĐŊĐŊŅĐŧ
, Đ°Đ´Đ°ĐŋŅивĐŊŅĐŧ и
ĐŊĐĩĐŋŅĐĩĐēĐģĐžĐŊĐŊŅĐŧ . ĐĐŊĐž ĐŋŅиĐŊĐ°Đ´ĐģĐĩĐļиŅ ŅĐĩĐŧ, ĐēŅĐž видиŅ в СĐŊĐ°ĐŊиŅŅ
ĐŊĐĩ ĐąŅĐĩĐŧŅ, Đ° Đ°ĐąŅĐžĐģŅŅĐŊĐžĐĩ ĐžŅŅĐļиĐĩ. ĐĸĐ°Đē ŅŅĐž ŅĐŋŅĐžŅиŅĐĩ ŅĐĩĐąŅ: ŅОйиŅĐ°ĐĩŅĐĩŅŅ Đģи вŅ ĐŋŅОдОĐģĐļĐ°ŅŅ ŅĐŋĐžŅŅĐēĐ°ŅŅŅŅ в ŅĐĩĐŧĐŊĐžŅĐĩ иĐģи ĐŗĐžŅОвŅ ĐžŅвĐĩŅиŅŅ ŅŅĐžŅ ŅĐĩŅŅОв ĐŋŅŅŅ?
ĐŅйОŅ Са ваĐŧи. ĐĐž ĐŋĐžĐŧĐŊиŅĐĩ, в ĐŧиŅĐĩ, ĐŗĐ´Đĩ СĐŊĐ°ĐŊиĐĩ â ŅиĐģĐ°, ĐŊĐĩвĐĩĐļĐĩŅŅвО â ŅŅĐž ĐŊĐĩ ĐŋŅĐžŅŅĐž ĐąĐģĐ°ĐļĐĩĐŊŅŅвО, ŅŅĐž вŅĐŧиŅĐ°ĐŊиĐĩ. Đ ŅĐĩĐŋĐĩŅŅ идиŅĐĩ и ĐŊĐ°ŅиĐŊĐ°ĐšŅĐĩ ŅŅиŅŅŅŅ, вŅ, ĐŋŅĐĩĐēŅĐ°ŅĐŊŅĐĩ ŅĐąĐģŅĐ´Đēи.
ĐŅĐ´ŅŅĐĩĐĩ ĐēĐ°ŅдиĐŊĐŗĐ° ĐļĐ´ĐĩŅ, и ĐžĐŊĐž ĐąĐģĐ°ĐŗĐžĐŋŅиŅŅŅŅвŅĐĩŅ ĐŋОдĐŗĐžŅОвĐģĐĩĐŊĐŊĐžĐŧŅ ŅĐŧŅ. doctrine out.